Variations in Morphological and Nutritional Characteristics of Two Varieties of Fluted Pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook F.)

Abstract

Fluted Pumpkin (Telfairia occidentalis Hook F.) is a crop that is both nutritious and economically valuable in West Africa. However, there is limited research on the crop in terms of morphological and nutritional variations between varieties. The purpose of this study was to compare morphological characteristics proximate, minerals and vitamin contents, comparing two local varieties of fluted pumpkin. We conducted two controlled field trials under similar conditions. Quantitative details were collected on leaf length, leaf width, stem diameter, stomatal and trichome density, raw protein, fats, fibre, carbohydrates, mineral content (Ca, Mg, K, Na, Fe, and Zn), and vitamin levels (A, C, E, B1, B2, and B3). The results indicated that the width of the leaf (8.4 cm, p = 0.042), trichome density (95 per mm, p = 0.038), raw protein (28.5, p = 0.045), and potassium (450.6 /100 g, p = 0.041) were significant in ABA Local Variety, while the Enugu Local Variety had high carbohydrate content (42.9%, p = 0.049). Finally, the ABA Local Variety demonstrated better morphological characteristics and nutritional composition, making it a better genotype for breeding and farming for better agriculture and nutritional results.